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Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name BOLA3P1
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr11) and its respective parental gene (in chr2). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr11:102880709-102881038  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr11:102884478-102884807  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr11:102751439-102751768  UCSC
Strand +
Parental Sequence NM_212552.3
Parental seq. overlap 273 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 49.2%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary BOLA3P1, located on chr11:102880709-102881038, is a retrocopy of the parental gene BOLA3. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name BOLA3
Full Name bolA family member 3
Also known as MMDS2
Coordinate chr2:74135400-74147912
Strand -
Gene summary This gene encodes a protein that plays an essential role in the production of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters for the normal maturation of lipoate-containing 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases, and for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Mutation in this gene has been associated with multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome-2. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms with distinct subcellular localization have been reported for this gene (PMID:21944046). [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes BOLA3P2
Bonobo Pan paniscus BOLA3P2
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla BOLA3P2
Orangutan Pongo abelii BOLA3P1
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys BOLA3P4
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus BOLA3P1
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis BOLA3P2
Rhesus Macaca mulatta BOLA3P2
Baboon Papio anubis BOLA3P2
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana BOLA3P3
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>BOLA3P1
aGCAGAAGAGAACTGTTCAGCAGTACCACATGGTTAATCAGGCACTAAAAGAAGAAATCAAAGGGATGCATGGATTACAGATATTTACCTCTGTCCCCAAACGCTGACCATGCCCTTGCTGCATGGATGCTGCTGCTTTAAACCTTGGATGAACTTCACTGACACCATTCTTCCCTAGACATTCACCAAAAAATGTGTATATTTTGTTCATATACATTTCCATGTTATAATTATGGAAGATGTGTAATCCACTTGCATGTTAATTAAAGGAAACAAACAACTGAAGTTTTGAAGGGTCa
>NM_212552.3
ATACAGTGACCTCGGGCGGCGGGTCACGTCGGCCGGGCATGGCTGCATGGAGCCCGGCCGCGGCAGCGCCTCTCCTCCGCGGGATCCGCGGGCTTCCACTTCACCATCGGATGTTTGCCACTCAGACTGAGGGGGAGCTCAGAGTGACCCAAATTCTCAAAGAAAAGTTTCCACGAGCTACAGCTATAAAAGTCACTGACATTTCAGGAGGTTGTGGGGCGATGTATGAAATTAAAATTGAATCAGAAGAATTTAAGGAGAAGAGAACTGTCCAGCAGCACCAGATGGTTAATCAGGCACTAAAAGAAGAAATCAAAGAGATGCATGGATTGCGGATATTTACCTCTGTCCCCAAACGCTGACCACGCCCTGGCTGCATAGATgctgctgcttaagaccttggatgaacttcactgacatcattcttcccTAAGCAGTCACCAAAAAATTTATATATTTTGCTCATATACATTTCCATATTATAATTATAGAAGATGTATAATCTATTTAGATGTTAATTAAAGGAAACAAACAACTGAAGCTTTTGAAGGGTCA

Publications

PMID - Link Title