Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

Summary

Retrocopy Name HMGB3P26
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Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr14) and its respective parental gene (in chrX). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr14:103364254-103364844  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr14:97600157-97600747  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr14:103830591-103831181  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_005342.4
Parental seq. overlap 506 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 14.4%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary HMGB3P26, located on chr14:103364254-103364844, is a retrocopy of the parental gene HMGB3. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name HMGB3
Full Name high mobility group box 3
Also known as HMG-2a|HMG-4|HMG2A|HMG4
Coordinate chrX:150980507-150990773
Strand +
Gene summary This gene encodes a member of a family of proteins containing one or more high mobility group DNA-binding motifs. The encoded protein plays an important role in maintaining stem cell populations, and may be aberrantly expressed in tumor cells. A mutation in this gene was associated with microphthalmia, syndromic 13. There are numerous pseudogenes of this gene on multiple chromosomes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes HMGB3P18
Bonobo Pan paniscus HMGB3P18
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla HMGB3P19
Orangutan Pongo abelii HMGB3P22
Rhesus Macaca mulatta HMGB3P12
Baboon Papio anubis HMGB3P8
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana HMGB3P11
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys Without Homology
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus Without Homology
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis Without Homology
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

The Genotype-Tissue Expression project - (GTEx)

Adipose SubcutaneousMuscle SkeletalArtery TibialArtery CoronaryHeart Atrial AppendageAdipose VisceralUterusVaginaBreast Mammary TissueSkin Not Sun ExposedMinor Salivary GlandBrain CortexAdrenal GlandThyroidLungSpleenPancreasEsophagus MuscularisEsophagus MucosaEsophagus Gastroesophageal JunctionStomachColon SigmoidSmall Intestine Terminal IleumColon TransverseProstateTestisNerve TibialSkin Sun ExposedHeart Left VentricleBrain CerebellumWhole BloodArtery AortaPituitaryBrain Frontal CortexBrain CaudateBrain Nucleus AccumbensBrain PutamenBrain HypothalamusBrain Spinal CordBrain HippocampusBrain Anterior Cingulate CortexOvaryBrain Cerebellar HemisphereLiverBrain Substantia NigraKidney CortexBrain AmygdalaCervix EctocervixFallopian TubeCervix EndocervixBladderKidney Medulla00.10.20.3
log10(TPM+1)

Massive Mining of Publicly Available RNA-seq Data from Human and Mouse - (ARCHS4)

AdiposeBone MarrowBreast Mammary TissueBrain CerebellumColonColon Colonic MucosaEsophagusHeartHeart VentricleKidneyLiverBrain MidbrainOvaryPancreasBrain PonsKidney CortexEye RetinaMuscle SkeletalSkinSmall IntestineBrain Spinal CordSpleenTestisThymusTracheaHeart ValveMuscle Smooth0123
log10(TPM+1)

Related Sequence

>HMGB3P26
AGACTAGTGAACAATACAGTCAGGATGGCTAAACGTGATCCCAGGAAACCAAAGGACAAAATGTCTGCTTATGCCTTCTTTGTGCAGATGTGCAGAGAAGGACATAGAAGAAAATCCCAGAGGTCCCTGTCAATTTTGCAGAATTTTCCAAGAAGTCCTCTGAGAGGTGCAAGACAGTGGGAAAGAGAAGTCTAAATCTGATGAAATTGCAAAGGCAGATAAAGTATGCTATGATCGGGAAATGGAGGATAACAGACCAGCTAAGGGAGGCAAGAAGAAGTTTCCTAATGCCCCCAAAAGGCCATCCTCTATATTATTTCTGTTCTGTTCAGAATTCCTCCCCAAGACCAAATCCACAAACCCTGGCATCTCTACTGGAGATGTGGCAAAAAGCTGGGTGAGATGTGGAATAACTTAAACGACAGTGAAAAGCAGCCTTACATCACAAAGGCGGCAAAGCTGAAGGAGAAGTATGAGAAGGATGTTGTTGACTTTAAGTCTAAAGGAAACTTTGATGGCACAAAGGGTCCTGCTAAAGTTGCCTGGAAAAATGTGg
>NM_005342.4
gcgcgtcgtgccctgcgctgcCCAGACTAGCGAACAATACAGTCAGGATGGCTAAAGGTGACCCCAAGAAACCAAAGGGCAAGATGTCCGCTTATGCCTTCTTTGTGCAGACATGCAGAGAAGAACATAAGAAGAAAAACCCAGAGGTCCCTGTCAATTTTGCGGAATTTTCCAAGAAGTGCTCTGAGAGGTGGAAGACGATGTCCGGGAAAGAGAAATCTAAATTTGATGAAATGGCAAAGGCAGATAAAGTGCGCTATGATCGGGAAATGAAGGATTATGGACCAGCTAAGGGAGGCAAGAAGAAGAAGGATCCTAATGCTCCCAAAAGGCCACCGTCTGGATTCTTCCTGTTCTGTTCAGAATTCCGCCCCAAGATCAAATCCACAAACCCCGGCATCTCTATTGGAGACGTGGCAAAAAAGCTGGGTGAGATGTGGAATAATTTAAATGACAGTGAAAAGCAGCCTTACATCACTAAGGCGGCAAAGCTGAAGGAGAAGTATGAGAAGGATGTTGCTGACTATAAGTCGAAAGGAAAGTTTGATGGTGCAAAGGGTCCTGCTAAAGTTGCCCGGAAAAaggtggaagaggaagatgaagaagaggaggaggaagaagaggaggaggaggaggaggaggatgaATAAAGAAACTGTTTATCTGTCTCCTTGTGAATACTTAGAGTAGGGGAGCGCCGTAATTGACACATCTCTTATTTGAGAAGTGTCTGTTGCCCTCATTAGGTTTAATTACAAAATTTGATCACGATCATATTGTAGTCTCTCAAAGTGCTCTAGAAATTGTCAGTGGTTTACATGAAGTGGCCATGGGTGTCTGGAGCACCCTGAAACTGTATCAAAGTTGTACATATTTCCAAACATTTTTAAAATGAAAAGGCACTCTCGTGTTCTCCTCACTCTGTGCACTTTGCTGTTGGTGTGACAAGGCATTTAAAGATGTTTCTGGCATTTTCTTTTTATTTGTAAGGTGGTGGTAACTATGGTTATTGGCTAGAAATCCTGAGTTTTCAACTGTATATATCTATAGTTTGTAAAAAGAACAAAACAACCGAGACAAACCCTTGATGCTCCTTGCTCGGCGTTGAGGCTGTGGGGAAGATGCCTTTTGGGAGAGGCTGTAGCTCAGGGCGTGCACTGTGAGGCTGGACCTGTTGACTCTGCAGGGGGCATCCATTTAGCTTCAGGTTGTCTTGTTTCTGTATATAGTGACATAGCATTCTGCTGCCATCTTAGCTGTGGACAAAGGGGGGTCAGCTGGCATGAGAATATTTTTTTTTTTTAAGTGCGGTAGTTTTTAAACTGTTTGTTTTTAAACAAACTATAGAACTCTTCATTGTCAGCAAAGCAAAGAGTCACTGCATCAATGAAAGTTCAAGAACCTCCTGTACTTAAACACGATTCGCAACGTTCTGTTATTTTTTTTGTATGTTTAGAATGCTGAAATGTTTTTGAAGTTAAATAAACAGTATTACATTTTTAAAACTCTTCTCTATTATAACAGTCAATTTCTGACTCACAGCAGTGAACAAACCCCCACTCCATTGTATTTGGAGACTGGCCTCCCTATAAATGTGGTAGCTTCTTTTATTACTCAGTGGCCAGCTCACTTAGGGCTGAGATGAAGGAGAGGGCTACTTGAAGCTACTGTGTGATTTTGTTTGTGTCTGAGTGGCATTCAGATGAAGTCTGGAGGAGTTAGGAGAACGACATAGGCAAGGTTCAGCAGCCTTCCAAGGTATAGGAAGGTGGGTGATTAGGACTGAGGCTATCTAGGTTTAACTTTTGTCCCACCTCCACCCCCTATTTTGTGGGGCCAAATGCATTGCTAAACAGCAATTTCAGAGTGTATGGTGTGTCAAAAATTAAGGCCTTATTGTTTTTCTCTTTCACCCCTACCCCCCGTGCTCCTGGCACATATCACATTATTTGTGGTGCCCAACATTTGGGGTCTTGAGCCTGCTGCTGGTCTCCTGGATGCCAGTGAGGGTATGTGGGATGGGGTGGTGGGGTAGGGGACGGTATCCTTTTTTTGCTCCTACTTGGAAACACCAAACACCCCAAGGAAGATGATAGGCTCCATCTTGGGCCACCTGAGCTATAGGGCAGGCTAATGGAATCAACCATTTCTGAGCACTAAATGTATCATGAAAAGTTGAATGGCCTGCTCATAAGTTTAGCTCATTCACTGGAAATGTAGATTGATGTTCAATGTTAAACTGGAAGGAGCTTGGTTTGTGTGTCAGTGGTTATATTAGTGGGTAGTGTAACATTTTATCCAGGTTGGGGTGAGGGGAGATGGCCACAGTAGCAAGTGGTGACACTAAATACCATTTTGAAGGCTGATGTGTATATACATCATTACTGTCCGTAGCAATGAAGGATACAGTACTGTGTTGTGGGTGAGTGTTGCTATTGCCCAGCATTAATATTTGGGTGTGTATGTTTGAGGCTATGAAACACGCAGGAGTGTTTTTGTGCTATTAATTTTAAGAGAAAGCAGCTTTTTCTTAAAATTCACTGTTGAGAAACTTGCATGTCTGGAGGCGGTGTCCTCTCCGCCCTGTCGGGTCCTGGATGAGTACGAGTTATGGTCACGGTCACAGCCTGATCTCTTATGTGTTCATAGCCATTCGCTCTCCCATCAGAACTGTTTGTCCTGAATGTGTTCCTCTAGTTCTAGAAAATGACCACTAATTTAAAAAACTCGGTTGTGAGGTTTGCCCAGAGGCACTTGTTCCAGAATTTCCCCTCCTGCTTCAGCCATGTCCTTGTCACTTGGCATTCTAAGCTAAAGCTTTAGCTTCCCAATTCGTGATGTGCTAGGCCAAGATTCGGGAGCTGTTGCCAGCCTCGTCAAATATGGAAGAGAAACAACCTGCGGTCAAAAGGGAGTGATTTGTTAAGTGGTGCGCGTCTATCTCATAACTAGATGTACCAACCAGGGAAGGGCCAAGGATGGAAAGGGGTAACTTTTGTGCTTCCAAAGTAGCTAAGCAGAAGTGGGGGAGCAGTTTAGCCAGATGATCTTTGATTAGGCAAACATTGAGTTTTAAAGAGGCTGTCAAGTTGAGGCCACTTGGTCCATTAGCTGGGGCAGCAAGATCACTACTCAACGTTTTCACACTGTGGCAAGATTGCTCTTCTAGTGGAATAATGCCCTAGTTTCTCTGAGATGATGTAAGTGGCATGATGTTACCTAAGGCTTAGGCTTAGCTTGATTTCTGGGCCCACTGTCTGTGTTCTTAAGATGCCAACCTGTTGCTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCATTTAAAAGGATAGTACCTACTCCCTCTAACCACCTCACCCCATTCTTGAATGACATTTTATCCTTCGGAAAGAACAAGGCTGTGATGTAGTGACTATTGTCTGTGTCTCCTGTGTGTGTCTGTTCTTGTCACAAATGTATTTGGGGACGTTGGATGCATTCATTTTCTGTAATAAAGTTTCTTAATCACTCTTCCCAAAAA

Publications

PMID - Link Title
12727900Retroposed copies of the HMG genes: a window to genome dynamics.