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Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name RPL21P2
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr20) and its respective parental gene (in chr13). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr20:4059603-4060152  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr20:4091048-4091597  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr20:4040250-4040799  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_000982.4
Parental seq. overlap 521 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 92%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary RPL21P2, located on chr20:4059603-4060152, is a retrocopy of the parental gene RPL21. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name RPL21
Full Name ribosomal protein L21
Also known as HYPT12|L21
Coordinate chr13:27251558-27256568
Strand +
Gene summary Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L21E family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes RPL21P104
Bonobo Pan paniscus RPL21P102
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla RPL21P121
Orangutan Pongo abelii RPL21P115
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys RPL21P61
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus RPL21P5
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis RPL21P68
Rhesus Macaca mulatta RPL21P71
Baboon Papio anubis RPL21P97
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana RPL21P65
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>RPL21P2
CTTTCGGCTGGAGCCGCCATCTTCCAGTAATTCGCCAAGATGATGAACACAGAGGAAAAGAGGAGAGGCACCCGATATATGTTCTCTAGGCCTTTTAGAAAACATGGAGTTGTTCCTTTGGCCACATATATGCGAATCTATAAGAAAGGTGATACTGTAGACATCAAGGAATGGGAACTGTTCAAAAAGGCATGCCCCTCAAGTGTCACCATGGCAAAACTGGAAGAGTCTGCAATGTTCCCCAGCATGCCGTTGGCATTGTTCTAAACAAACAAGTTAAGGGCAAGATTCTTGCCAAGAGAATTAATGTGCATATTGAGCACAGGAAGCACTCTAAGAGCCGAGATGGCTTCCTGAGACGCGTGAAGGAAAATGATCAGACAAAGAAAGAAGTCAAAGAGAAAGGCACCTGGGTTCAACCAAAGCGCCAGCCTGCTCCACCCAGAGAAGCACACTTTGTGAGAACCAATGAGAAGGAGCCTGAGCTGCTGGAACCTCTTCCCTATGAATTCAGGCATAATAGGTGTTAAAAAAATAAAAGACCTCTGGA
>NM_000982.4
CCTTTCGGCCGGAACCGCCATCTTCCAGTAATTCGCCAAAATGACGAACACAAAGGGAAAGAGGAGAGGCACCCGATATATGTTCTCTAGGCCTTTTAGAAAACATGGAGTTGTTCCTTTGGCCACATATATGCGAATCTATAAGAAAGGTGATATTGTAGACATCAAGGGAATGGGTACTGTTCAAAAAGGAATGCCCCACAAGTGTTACCATGGCAAAACTGGAAGAGTCTACAATGTTACCCAGCATGCTGTTGGCATTGTTGTAAACAAACAAGTTAAGGGCAAGATTCTTGCCAAGAGAATTAATGTGCGTATTGAGCACATTAAGCACTCTAAGAGCCGAGATAGCTTCCTGAAACGTGTGAAGGAAAATGATCAGAAAAAGAAAGAAGCCAAAGAGAAAGGTACCTGGGTTCAACTAAAGCGCCAGCCTGCTCCACCCAGAGAAGCACACTTTGTGAGAACCAATGGGAAGGAGCCTGAGCTGCTGGAACCTATTCCCTATGAATTCATGGCATAATAGGTGTTAAAAAAAAAAATAAAGGACCTCTGGGCTACAAAAA

Publications

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