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Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name NDUFB4P4
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr2) and its respective parental gene (in chr3). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr2:25886909-25887229  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr2:25922229-25922549  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr2:26109778-26110098  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_004547.6
Parental seq. overlap 290 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 44.5%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary NDUFB4P4, located on chr2:25886909-25887229, is a retrocopy of the parental gene NDUFB4. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name NDUFB4
Full Name NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit B4
Also known as B15|CI-B15
Coordinate chr3:120596336-120602507
Strand +
Gene summary This gene encodes a non-catalytic subunit of the multisubunit NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, the first enzyme complex in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (complex I). Mammalian complex I is composed of 45 different subunits and transfers electrons from NADH to ubiquinone. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes NDUFB4P1
Bonobo Pan paniscus NDUFB4P1
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla NDUFB4P3
Orangutan Pongo abelii NDUFB4P2
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus NDUFB4P4
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis NDUFB4P6
Rhesus Macaca mulatta NDUFB4P6
Baboon Papio anubis NDUFB4P6
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana NDUFB4P10
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus NDUFB4P2
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>NDUFB4P4
GCTGAAATGAGAGTACCTGCTTTCAGTACAACGATCCCAGCCGCCGAGGGGTCATCGAAGATCCTGCCTTGATTCGTTGGACCTATCCAAGATCAGCAAATGTCTATCCAAATTTCAGACCCACTCCTAAAAACTCACTCTTGGGAACTCTGTGTGGATTTAGGCCCCTCTTCTTCTGGTATTACATTTTCAAAACTGACAGAGATAGGAAAGAAAAACTTATCCGGGAAGGAAAATTGGATGGAACATTTAACCTTTCATATTAAGTCTGGCAATGATGACTATATGTATTCCTGCCTTAATAGTCTATTAATCATTa
>NM_004547.6
GCAATTGTGCCCTGGTTCGCCAAGATGTCGTTCCCAAAGTATAAGCCGTCGAGCCTGCGCACTCTGCCTGAGACCCTCGACCCAGCCGAATACAACATATCTCCGGAAACCCGGCGGGCGCAAGCCGAGCGGTTGGCCATAAGAGCCCAGCTGAAACGAGAGTACCTGCTTCAGTACAACGATCCCAACCGCCGAGGGCTCATCGAAAATCCTGCCTTGCTTCGTTGGGCCTATGCAAGAACAATAAATGTCTATCCTAATTTCAGACCCACTCCTAAAAACTCACTCATGGGAGCTCTGTGTGGATTTGGGCCCCTCATCTTCATTTATTATATTATCAAAACTGAGAGGGATAGGAAAGAAAAACTTATCCAGGAAGGAAAATTGGATCGAACATTTCACCTCTCATATTAAGTCTGGCAATGATGACTATATGTATTCCTGCCTAAATAAATCATCTATTAATCATTAAGTAGTAGTTTCTCTTTCTTAGTATTACCTTGATTCAATGTTAAAAACTATTAACACCCTAACAACACAGAAGCAGACGCAGCCCGTGTTGGGAATCTGCTGTCAGAGTGACAGCAAACATTTGCTGTACATTGAATGAATGAACATAAACTTCATTAAACTGTGAGCTCTTAGAAAGTA

Publications

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