Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name DFFAP1
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr8) and its respective parental gene (in chr1). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr8:1730185-1731395  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr8:1508847-1510059  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr8:1678351-1679561  UCSC
Strand +
Parental Sequence NM_004401.3
Parental seq. overlap 749 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 12.4%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary DFFAP1, located on chr8:1730185-1731395, is a retrocopy of the parental gene DFFA. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name DFFA
Full Name DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha
Also known as DFF-45|DFF1|ICAD
Coordinate chr1:10456522-10472529
Strand -
Gene summary Apoptosis is a cell death process that removes toxic and/or useless cells during mammalian development. The apoptotic process is accompanied by shrinkage and fragmentation of the cells and nuclei and degradation of the chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal units. DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) is a heterodimeric protein of 40-kD (DFFB) and 45-kD (DFFA) subunits. DFFA is the substrate for caspase-3 and triggers DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. DFF becomes activated when DFFA is cleaved by caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFFA dissociate from DFFB, the active component of DFF. DFFB has been found to trigger both DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes DFFAP1
Bonobo Pan paniscus DFFAP1
Orangutan Pongo abelii DFFAP1
Rhesus Macaca mulatta DFFAP1
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana DFFAP1
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla Without Homology
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys Without Homology
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus Without Homology
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis Without Homology
Baboon Papio anubis Without Homology
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>DFFAP1
TCAGGTCCCACCTTGAAAAGGATGGATGTGACTGGGGACACCAGGGCATGAGAACCCGGCGAGATTCAGACTCTAAAGCTGGGCCGGCTGCACCGCAACTGCAGCCGTGAGCAGCACAGGTGGTCACCTCCCGCCTCGAGGACCTGAGCAGCAAGGCCTGTGACAGCCTGGCCATTGACAAGTCCCTGCCACTGATCACCCTGGTCCTGCAGAGGCTGGCACCACGGTGATGAGGATTACTTCCTGTGTCTGCCTTCCAATACTAAGAGTATGGCATTGACCAATAACGAGACGAGGGCATAGGACAATTCTGATGGAGATATGGCTTGGGTTTCCAGGCATCCTTTGATGTGGATGAACTATAGCGGGGCATGGTTGAAGCAGAAGAATGTGGCCAGGCAGCTGAACAAGGCTCCATCCAGTGCCATCCTCCTATCAGAGGAAGACTGTCCCGTGCTCATTCATATTCTGTGTTCAGATCTGGCTCAGGAACTAAGCCAAGGCTGTGCCACCATCCAGGTTCGCAGGACGCGCTCCAGCAGGTGCTTCACAGAGGAAGTGGTCTGTCCGGGCAGCTCCTGGAGCTGTACCTCCTGGTTTTGGAGAAAGAGGGCAGCCTCTTGTCAAGGCAAGAGGAGTCCAAAGCAGCCTTTGGTGATGAGGCAGAGGCAGTAGACATGATTTTGACAAAAAGACCTCCTCTGaCTCCCCTGAAATTGCACTGAGGAGCTAGTCCCTTCCCACACTGCAAGAGAAGCCAGCCCTGGAGCTGGTGTATCTACTCAGGATGTGGAGCTGCTTACCAAGGAAGACCCCAAGGCACTGGCTGTTGCTTTGAACGGGGACATTACGAAGACAAACTGTTCAAGAGGCTGGTGACCAGGTGCTCGCCCTGCACAGACGCAGAGCTTGCATTCTCGCCGG
>NM_004401.3
GTCGAGTAGAAGGACCGCCGCTCCGGCCTCCCGCGACTTCTCGAAGGTGGGCAGGTCCCACCTTGTGGAGGATGGAGGTGACCGGGGACGCCGGGGTACCAGAATCTGGCGAGATCCGGACTCTAAAGCCGTGTCTGCTGCGCCGCAACTACAGCCGCGAACAGCACGGCGTGGCCGCCTCCTGCCTCGAAGACCTGAGGAGCAAGGCCTGTGACATTCTGGCCATTGATAAGTCCCTGACACCAGTCACCCTGGTCCTGGCAGAGGATGGCACCATAGTGGATGATGACGATTACTTTCTGTGTCTACCTTCCAATACTAAGTTTGTGGCATTGGCTAGTAATGAGAAATGGGCATACAACAATTCAGATGGAGGTACAGCTTGGATTTCCCAAGAGTCCTTTGATGTAGATGAAACAGACAGCGGGGCAGGGTTGAAGTGGAAGAATGTGGCCAGGCAGCTGAAAGAAGATCTGTCCAGCATCATCCTCCTATCAGAGGAGGACCTCCAGATGCTTGTTGACGCTCCCTGCTCAGACCTGGCTCAGGAACTACGTCAGAGTTGTGCCACCGTCCAGCGGCTGCAGCACACACTCCAACAGGTGCTTGACCAAAGAGAGGAAGTGCGTCAGTCCAAGCAGCTCCTGCAGCTGTACCTCCAGGCTTTGGAGAAAGAGGGCAGCCTCTTGTCAAAGCAGGAAGAGTCCAAAGCTGCCTTTGGTGAGGAGGTGGATGCAGTAGACACGGGTATCAGCAGAGAGACCTCCTCGGACGTTGCGCTGGCGAGCCACATCCTTACTGCACTGAGGGAGAAGCAGGCTCCAGAGCTGAGCTTATCTAGTCAGGATTTGGAGTTGGTTACCAAGGAAGACCCCAAAGCACTGGCTGTTGCCTTGAACTGGGACATAAAGAAGACGGAGACTGTTCAGGAGGCCTGTGAGCGGGAGCTCGCCCTGCGCCTGCAGCAGACGCAGAGCTTGCATTCTCTCCGGAGCATCTCAGCAAGCAAGGCCTCACCACCTGGTGACCTGCAGAATCCTAAGCGAGCCAGACAGGATCCCACATAGCAGCAGCGGGAAGTGTGCCAAGGAAGCTCTGTGGCGTTGTGTTATTGGTAGACACCCTCAGCCTCATCATTTGACTACCTATGTACTACTCTACCCCCTGCCTTAGAGCACCTTCCAGAGAAGCTATTCCAGGTCTCAACATACGCCGTTCCACCAATTTTTTTTTTAGCCCCACCAGCTTCAGGACTTCTGCCAATTTTGAATGATATAGCTGCACCAACAATATCCCGCCTCCTCTAATTACATATGATGTTCTCTGTTCAAAAGTAATTGGCAGTGATTggccaggcgcagtggctcacgcctgtaatcccagcactgggaggccgaggggggcggatcgtgaagtcaggagatcgagaccatcctggctaacatggtgaaaccctgtctctactaaaaatacaaaaaaaattagccagccatggtggcgggcgcctgtaatcccagctacttgggaggctgaggcaggagaatggcatgaacctgggaggcagagcttgcagtgagctgagattgcgccactgcactccagcctgggcaacagagcgagactccgtctcaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaGTAATTGGCAGTGACTATGGGCGCACTGCCTAACATTTAGCCCTGCCCCATATGGAACATGTTAAAAAAAAAAAAAGCCAggccgagcgtgttggctcacgcttgtaatcccagcactttgggaggccgaggcgggtggatcacgaggtcaggagatcgagaccatcctggctaacacagtgaaacgtgtttttactaaaagtacaaaaaactagctgggcgtggtggcaggagcctgtagtcccagctactcgggaggctgaggcaggagaattgcttgaaccggggaggcagaagttgcagtgagccgagattatgccactgtactccagcctgggtgacagagtgacactctgtctcaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaGGACAGGCACGAcagtggctcacacctttgatcccagcactttggaggccgatgcaggcggatcacatgaggtcaggagttcaagaccaacctggccaatatggtgaaaccccgtctctactaaaaatacaaaaattagctgggcatgatggcgggtgcctgtaatcccagctactcggtaggcagaggttgcagtgagctgagagcgcaccactgcactccagcctgggtgacagagctagactccgtatctcaagaaaaaaaaaaaGttttgttttgtttttttgagacagagtctcactctgtcacctagtctggagtgcagtggcacattctcggctcactgcaacccccacctcccaggttcaagcgattctcctgtttcagcctcctgagcagctgggattacaggcacgtgccaccatgcccggctaatttttgtatttttagtagagacagggttttgtcacattggccaggctggtctcaaactcctgacctcaggtgatccacccacctcagcctcccaaagtgctgggattacaggtgtgagccaccacccctggccAGAAAAAAAAGCTTTTAAATAAAGTAATTGTcagcttaggcaacatagcaagaccctgtctctacaaaaaaaaaatttaagttagccaggcatggtggcactgacctataatcctagctactctggaggctaaggcgagagtatcacttgagcccaggagctcaaggctgatcatgccaccatactccagcctggatgatagagtaagaccctACttttttttttttttttttAAAAAGGTAACCATCAAGGGCAATGAAAAGAAATGGTCGTATTTCCAATTCATTATCCTTATTCTGAAGATAGTACGGCAGAATTTTAAGCAGAGATAGTGGTGAAGATGGTGACATTATAGAGTGTTGACTATGGCCACAATCTTGTTTCTCCAGTTAATGAATTTTTTTATGTGTTTGTTTAAAGATACATATTAAGCTTGTAGACCATAGGGACATACGGAGAGTCCATTGCTAATATCTCACTCAGTATTGTGAAATTCTATCTCACCACCGTGAAACTCTTCAGTTTTCTAATTGCTTTATCAGCAGGGGGTATAAAAGGTCATGAAAGCAATTTCCACATGCTGTGGCTCCAGGTCTCTGGGTGTGAAGCAGAGCAAGCCTGGTTTGTCCTCCTCCTGTCTCCACACAGACGGCTTCTGCAGGTTTGGTAATCTACAGTACACTCCTTGCAGGGAAAAGGTGATGAGTCATCATGGACTTATTTGACCACTTTTTATGCATGCTTAGAGGAAAACAGAATACTGTTAAGAGATTCATCTGCTAGTTATTAAGTAAAGAAATATCACAATAggccgggcgcagtggctcacacctgtaatcccagcattttgggaggccaaggtgggcggatcacctgaggtcaggagttcgagaccagcctagccaacatggtgaaaccccgtctctactgaaattataaaaaattagccgggtgtagtggtacacgcctgtagtcccagttacttgggaggctgaggcatgagaattgcttgaacccaggaagtggaggtggaggtgagccgaaattgtgccactgtactccagcctgcaacagagtgagacactgtcacacaaaaaagaaagaaaTATCACAATATGTCACAATAggccgggcgcagtggctcacacctgcagtcccagcactttgggaggccaaggcagatggatcacctgaggtcaggagtttgagaccagcctggccaacgtgacaaaacccagtctactaaaaatacaaaaattagccaggcgtgatggtgggcacctgtaatcccagctactcaggaggctgagacatgagaatcgcttgaacccaggaggtggagattgcactgagctgagatcctgccactgggctccagcctgggtgacagaatgagactctgtctttaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaagaaaaTCACAATAAGTCCTAGGGTAAAGATGGGGGTACAGAAAACAATTAAATAGAACAAAAACAACTGTTTCCTTTTCCTGTGATTCAAGAAGGGCTTAGATCTTCTACTCAGCATCCTTTTACTAATGCCCTCcattggctctcaccccaacatttccttttttatagcttattttgtaatgcctccttaattatcctttaatagaagccaccgctgataagctacctacactcatacagaagcattaatataatgccccagatgtactgtttcagggcaaaaaggaaaataatttccaacaaagtggtgtgtgtttcactgtcagatgcttgcacttacacacggaatcgctgtgcatccgacagaggctgattggcacatggggcacggggattgtcagctcaaacaccgtcagcagcgttgcccttggaaatgggatttcccagaacagtaaacgtgtctgtccttgatttacagagtagctacattcctaggaaatccagggtacattaaaactcaccatgttacccaggctggtctcaaactccaggcctcaagcaatcctcccacatcagcttcccagaattttgggattacaggcatgagccaccacacccagccAGAATATTTTATTTCTGTTAGACACACAGAGCGTTCGTTGACTCGTCTGGGCGTTAGTGTTAATATTCTGTACTTGAAGCAAGCCCACCAAGCGGCTGAACTGGGTGGATAATGGAAAATGTCCTGTGGATTTGGGAGTGAGACAAACCGGCTTGAGTCTAACCTCTCAGTTAGTCTAAGGCTCCAAGCTTGAAAGGGTTAAATGAAGTACTATAtttgttttgtttcgttttcgttttgtttgaggctttgctctgttgcccaggctggagtgtagtggcacaatctctgctcactgcaacctccatctcccaggttcaggcgattctcttgcctcagcctccagagtagctgggattacaggtgcccgccaccacacccggctaagttttttttggtatttttagtagacacagggtttcaccatgttggctagactggtctcaaactcctgacctcaagtgatccacctgccttggcctcccaaagtgctgggagtataggtggtgagccaccacgcctggccTAAATGAAGTACCACATGACCGACagaccgacctggggaacatagcaagaccccatctctacaaaaatgtaaaaaataaaaattagccgggtgtagtggtacatgcctgtaatcctagatactcgggaggctaaggcagaaggatcacttgagcccaggagttcgaggctacaatgagctgtgatcgtgccactgcactccatcctgggtggcagagtgaggccctgtctcaaaataaataaTCCAGTCCCCCCCAAGAAAGGAATGAAGTGCTATAATGAGAAAAATCCTAGTACCTAACATATAGTAGACAGTGGAGAGTGGTTCTCTTTCGTTTCTCAGGGGCAGACAGATGGGGTGCTGGAGTCCTCTATCAAAGAGTCAGAGCTCTATCCCAGATGTGTAATGAACGTGGTCACAGACATATTGTCCCATTACCATTTACCTTCCCTATAACCACTGTGCCTCCAGCCTTGTAGAATAGACACATAGGAGCGCAGCAATACGTCTAAAAATAGGAGTGAGAGAGGGCAGGGCATGCCCGTTCTTGTGGTAGAAGAAAAGAATGTCAAAGAAAGCAGCTGGGACTAATGAACTTTACATTAGCCATATTCCATTATTTCAGCTTAAGTCAAATGTCGGTCCTCATGAGGCAACTGGCTTTGACAGGAGCTACGCTAATTACCACTTACCAACCTTTAATTTCTGGGTAAAAGCAAAAGAGAAAAACTAATGGATTTTTCATTTTCCAGAGAGACAAGAATAAAATAATAGTAGTCTGTAGAAAAAAGAAAACCTGCATCAATTACAAGAATTATTAATGTATCTTTAATAAATAACCACATTATTTAGCTGTTTAATTTCCTAA

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