Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name PRKACG
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr9) and its respective parental gene (in chr19). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr9:69012847-69014113  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr9:81186388-81187654  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr9:71627763-71629029  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_002730.4
Parental seq. overlap 1057 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 39.2%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary PRKACG, located on chr9:69012847-69014113, is a retrocopy of the parental gene PRKACA. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name PRKACA
Full Name protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha
Also known as CAFD1|PKACA|PPNAD4
Coordinate chr19:14091688-14117762
Strand -
Gene summary This gene encodes one of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A, which exists as a tetrameric holoenzyme with two regulatory subunits and two catalytic subunits, in its inactive form. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been identified in humans. cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinase A is important to many cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Constitutive activation of this gene caused either by somatic mutations, or genomic duplications of regions that include this gene, have been associated with hyperplasias and adenomas of the adrenal cortex and are linked to corticotropin-independent Cushing's syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Tissue-specific isoforms that differ at the N-terminus have been described, and these isoforms may differ in the post-translational modifications that occur at the N-terminus of some isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes PRKACAP1
Bonobo Pan paniscus PRKACAP1
Orangutan Pongo abelii PRKACAP1
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus LOC103234377P1
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis PRKACAP1
Rhesus Macaca mulatta PRKACAP1
Baboon Papio anubis PRKACAP1
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana LOC104661051P1
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus PRKACAP1
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla Without Homology
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>PRKACG
AGAAGGACACCGAGCAGGAGGAGAGCGTGAACGAGTTCCTAGCCAAAGCCAGAGGAGATTTCCTCTACAGATGGGGAAACCCCGCTCAAAACACCGCCAGCTCGGATCAGTTCGAACGGCTCAGGACGCTGGGCATGGGCTCCTTCGGGCGGGTGATGCTGGTGAGGCACCAGGAGACCGGCGGCCACTACGCCATGAAGATCCTCAACAAGCAGAAGGTGGTGAAGATGAAGCAGGTCGAGCACATACTGAACGAGAAGCGCATCCTGCAGGCGATCGACTTTCCGTTCCTCGTCAAGCTCCAGTTCTCCTTTAAGGACAACTCCTACCTGTACCTGGTGATGGAGTACGTGCCGGGTGGGGAGATGTTCTCCCGCCTACAGCGCGTCGGAAGGTTTAGCGAGCCCCATGCCTGTTTCTATGCCGCCCAGGTCGTCCTGGCCGTCCAGTACCTACACTCGCTCGACCTCATCCACCGCGACCTGAAGCCCGAGAATCTCCTCATCGACCAGCAGGGCTACCTGCAGGTGACGGACTTCGGTTTCGCCAAGCGCGTGAAGGGCCGCACTTGGACCTTGTGCGGGACCCCAGAGTACCTGGCCCCCGAGATCATCCTGAGCAAAGGCTACAACAAGGCCGTGGACTGGTGGGCCCTAGGGGTGCTCATCTATGAGATGGCCGTGGGCTTCCCACCCTTCTACGCCGACCAGCCCATCCAGATCTACGAGAAGATCGTCTCTGGGAGGGTGCGGTTTCCCTCCAAACTCAGCTCTGACCTCAAGCATCTGCTGCGGAGCCTGCTGCAGGTGGACCTCACCAAGCGCTTCGGAAACCTCAGGAACGGGGTTGGCGACATCAAGAACCACAAGTGGTTCGCCACAACCAGCTGGATCGCCATCTATGAGAAGAAGGTGGAAGCTCCCTTCATCCCGAAGTACACAGGCCCTGGGGATGCCAGTAACTTTGACGACTACGAGGAGGAAGAGCTCCGGATCTCCATCAATGAGAAGTGTGCCAAGGAGTTTTCTGAGTTTTAGGGGTGTGCTTGTGCCCCTGTGGGTTTTCTTTCCTTTTTGTTTTTGGTGGTTTGGGGGATGGGAGGGTTGGATTGAACAGCCAGAGGGCCCCAGAGTTCCTTGTATCTAATTTCATCCTCACCCCACCCTCCAGGGTTGGGGGAGCAGGAAGCCCAGATATTTGGAGGAACAGAAACACCAGCTGCTCCCT
>NM_002730.4
ACAGACAGCGGCAGAGATCTTGGGCTGAGGTTCCCGGGCGGGCGGGCGCGGAGAGACGCGGGAAGCAGGGGCTGGGCGGGGGTCGcggcgccgcagctagcgcagccagcccgagggccgccgccgccgccgcccagcgcgctccggggccgccggccgcagccagcacccgccgcgccgcagctccgggaccggccccggccgccgccgccgcgatgggcaacgccgccgccgccAAGAAGGGCAGCGAGCAGGAGAGCGTGAAAGAATTCTTAGCCAAAGCCAAAGAAGATTTTCTTAAAAAATGGGAAAGTCCCGCTCAGAACACAGCCCACTTGGATCAGTTTGAACGAATCAAGACCCTCGGCACGGGCTCCTTCGGGCGGGTGATGCTGGTGAAACACAAGGAGACCGGGAACCACTATGCCATGAAGATCCTCGACAAACAGAAGGTGGTGAAACTGAAACAGATCGAACACACCCTGAATGAAAAGCGCATCCTGCAAGCTGTCAACTTTCCGTTCCTCGTCAAACTCGAGTTCTCCTTCAAGGACAACTCAAACTTATACATGGTCATGGAGTACGTGCCCGGCGGGGAGATGTTCTCACACCTACGGCGGATCGGAAGGTTCAGTGAGCCCCATGCCCGTTTCTACGCGGCCCAGATCGTCCTGACCTTTGAGTATCTGCACTCGCTGGATCTCATCTACAGGGACCTGAAGCCGGAGAATCTGCTCATTGACCAGCAGGGCTACATTCAGGTGACAGACTTCGGTTTCGCCAAGCGCGTGAAGGGCCGCACTTGGACCTTGTGCGGCACCCCTGAGTACCTGGCCCCTGAGATTATCCTGAGCAAAGGCTACAACAAGGCCGTGGACTGGTGGGCCCTGGGGGTTCTTATCTATGAAATGGCCGCTGGCTACCCGCCCTTCTTCGCAGACCAGCCCATCCAGATCTATGAGAAGATCGTCTCTGGGAAGGTGCGCTTCCCTTCCCACTTCAGCTCTGACTTGAAGGACCTGCTGCGGAACCTCCTGCAGGTAGATCTCACCAAGCGCTTTGGGAACCTCAAGAATGGGGTCAACGATATCAAGAACCACAAGTGGTTTGCCACAACTGACTGGATTGCCATCTACCAGAGGAAGGTGGAAGCTCCCTTCATACCAAAGTTTAAAGGCCCTGGGGATACGAGTAACTTTGACGACTATGAGGAAGAAGAAATCCGGGTCTCCATCAATGAGAAGTGTGGCAAGGAGTTTTCTGAGTTTTAGGGGCATGCCTGTGCCCCCATGGGttttcttttttcttttttcttttttttGGTCGGGGGGGTGGGAGGGTTGGATTGAACAGCCAGAGGGCCCCAGAGTTCCTTGCATCTAATTTCACCCCCACCCCACCCTCCAGGGTTAGGGGGAGCAGGAAGCCCAGATAATCAGAGGGACAGAAACACCAGCTGCTCCCCCTCATCCCCTTCACCCTCCTGCCCCCTCTCCCACTTTTCCCTTCCTCTTTCCCCACAGCCCCCCAGCCCCTCAGCCCTCCCAGCCCActtctgcctgttttaaacgagtttctcaactccagtcagaccaggtcttgctggtgtatccagggacagggtatggaaagaggggctcacgcttaacTccagcccccacccacacccccatcccacccaaccacAGGCCCCACTTGCTAAGGGCAAATGAACGAAGCGCCAACCTTCCTTTCGGAGTAATCCTGCCTGGGAAGGAGAGATTTTTAGTGACATGTTCAGTGGGTTGCTTGCTAGAATTTTTTTAAAAAAACAACAATTTAAAATCTTATTTAAGTTCCACCAGTGcctccctccctccttcctctactcccacccctcccATGTCCCCCCATTCCTCAAATCCATTTTAAAGAGAAGCAGACTGACTTTGGAAAGGGAGGCGCTGGGGTTTGAACCTCCCCGCTGCTAATCTCCCCTGGGCCCCTCCCCGGGGAATCCTCTCTGCCAATCCTGCGAGGGTCTAGGCCCCTTTAGGAAGCCTCCGCTCTCTTTTTCCCCAACAGACCTGTCTTCACCCTTGGGCTTTGAAAGCCAGACAAAGCAGCTGCCCCTCTCCCTGCCAAAGAGGAGTCATCCCCCAAAAAGACAGAGGGGGAGCCCCAAGCCCAAGTCTTTCCTCCCAGCAGCGTTTCCCCCCAACTCCTTAATTTTATTCTCCGCTAGATTTTAACGTCCAGCCTTCCCTCAGCTGAGTGGGGAGGGCATCCCTGCAAAAGGGAACAGAAGAGGCCAAGTCCCCCCAAGCCACGGCCCGGGGTTCAAGGCTAGAGCTGCTGGGGAGGGGCTGCCTGTTTTACTCACCCACCAGCTTCCGCCTCCCCCATCCTGGGCGCCCCTCCTCCAGCTTAGCTGTCAGCTGTCCATCACCTCTCCCCCACTTTCTCATTTGTGCTTTTTTCTCTCGTAATAGAAAAGTGGGGAGCCGCTGGGGAGCCACCCCATTCATCCCCGTATTTCCCCCTCTCATAACTTCTCCCCATCCCAGGAGGAGTTCTCAGGCCTGGGGTGGGGCCCCGGGTGGGTGCGGGGGCGATTCAACCTGTGTGCTGCGAAGGACGAGACTTCCTCTTGAACAGTGTGCTGTTGTAAACATATTTGAAAACTATTACCAATAAAGTTTTGTTTAAAAAAAAA

Publications

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