Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name RRM2P4
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chrX) and its respective parental gene (in chr2). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chrX:144308139-144309101  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chrX:142613220-142614182  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chrX:143391264-143392226  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_001165931.1
Parental seq. overlap 759 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 21.6%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary RRM2P4, located on chrX:144308139-144309101, is a retrocopy of the parental gene RRM2. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name RRM2
Full Name ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2
Also known as C2orf48|R2|RR2|RR2M
Coordinate chr2:10122568-10131419
Strand +
Gene summary This gene encodes one of two non-identical subunits for ribonucleotide reductase. This reductase catalyzes the formation of deoxyribonucleotides from ribonucleotides. Synthesis of the encoded protein (M2) is regulated in a cell-cycle dependent fashion. Transcription from this gene can initiate from alternative promoters, which results in two isoforms that differ in the lengths of their N-termini. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 1 and X. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes RRM2P1
Bonobo Pan paniscus RRM2P1
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla RRM2P1
Orangutan Pongo abelii RRM2P1
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys RRM2P2
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus RRM2P1
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis RRM2P1
Rhesus Macaca mulatta RRM2P1
Baboon Papio anubis RRM2P2
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana RRM2P1
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>RRM2P4
TAATTATCAAAGCTGCTAGGATAGAACATGAGTTCCTCACTGAGGACTTGCCAGTGAAGCTCATTAGGATGAACTGCACTTTAATGAAGTAATACATTGAGTTTGTGGCCGACAGACTTATGTTGGAACTGGGTTTTAAGACTTAATGGAGAGTATTTCACTGCAAGGAAAGATTAAGTTCTTTGAGAAGAGAGTAGGTGAGTATCAAAAGATGACAGTGATATCAAGTGCGATAGATAATTCTTTTACTTTGGATGCCGACTTCTAAATAAGCTTAATATATGCTGTTATTTTGCTGATTTTTTTTCCTCTAATCGAAAAGAAAACAGCTGAAGTGTATCAACTCGCTACACCATCAATTGTCCATAGTGTTCATTAACAGCATCTTAAAACTGTATAGTTACCTCACAATCAATACCGTTGATTTATAATGCTAGTGGTATCACCTAGAAAGAGAGAAATTTTAAGACAAAAGCTACTCAAATTCTTTTAAAAGAGCTTGTCCAGTTTTCGCTTTTGTGGGATTGCAGTGACAGTGGTAGTCTTGGCTTTAAAGTGAGTGGCAACCCTCTAGTGAGCTTGGGCCAGTAGGATTAAACATTCACATCCTAGCGCAGGCAGTTGAAAGATGCAGCCCACTGCTCCAAACAGATTTTAAAGTTTACTTAACTAATTTGTATATAAAATTTTTGCTTTACAACCACAAACATTGTTTGTCCTGTCAAGGTACTAGCCTAGTTTATTTGGTTTCTACACCAAATACAAAGTATTCTATTGACCACCAACGGGAATTAATTTGAAATTTACTAAATAACTAAAGTAATTAAACTCGTGTAGACTAAGCATGTAATTTCTAAGTTTTACTTTCTTTAATGAATTGAAATACTGTTTTTTCAACTTTAAAATCAATCCTGTGCATACTTAGGTATTAGTCGGGTGGTACCACATAAAAGACAGGTTGTT
>NM_001165931.1
AAAATCGCGCGCGGCCCCGCGGCCAGCCTGGGTAGGGGCAAGGCGCAGCCAATGGGAAGGGTCGGAGGCATGGCACAGCCAATGGGAAGGGCCGGGGCACCAAAGCCAATGGGAAGGGCCGGGAGCGCGCGGCGCGGGAGATTTAAAGGCTGCTGGAGTGAGGGGTCGCCCGTGCACCCTGTCCCAGCCGTCCTGTCCTGGCTGCTCGCTCTGCTTCGCTGCGCCTCCACTATGCTCTCCCTCCGTGTCCCGCTCGCGCCCATCACGGACCCGCAGCAGCTGCAGCTCTCGCCGCTGAAGGGGCTCAGCTTGGTCGACAAGGAGAACACGCCGCCGGCCCTGAGCGGGACCCGCGTCCTGGCCAGCAAGACCGCGAGGAGGATCTTCCAGGAGCCCACGGAGCCGAAAACTAAAGCAGCTGCCCCCGGCGTGGAGGATGAGCCGCTGCTGAGAGAAAACCCCCGCCGCTTTGTCATCTTCCCCATCGAGTACCATGATATCTGGCAGATGTATAAGAAGGCAGAGGCTTCCTTTTGGACCGCCGAGGAGGTGGACCTCTCCAAGGACATTCAGCACTGGGAATCCCTGAAACCCGAGGAGAGATATTTTATATCCCATGTTCTGGCTTTCTTTGCAGCAAGCGATGGCATAGTAAATGAAAACTTGGTGGAGCGATTTAGCCAAGAAGTTCAGATTACAGAAGCCCGCTGTTTCTATGGCTTCCAAATTGCCATGGAAAACATACATTCTGAAATGTATAGTCTTCTTATTGACACTTACATAAAAGATCCCAAAGAAAGGGAATTTCTCTTCAATGCCATTGAAACGATGCCTTGTGTCAAGAAGAAGGCAGACTGGGCCTTGCGCTGGATTGGGGACAAAGAGGCTACCTATGGTGAACGTGTTGTAGCCTTTGCTGCAGTGGAAGGCATTTTCTTTTCCGGTTCTTTTGCGTCGATATTCTGGCTCAAGAAACGAGGACTGATGCCTGGCCTCACATTTTCTAATGAACTTATTAGCAGAGATGAGGGTTTACACTGTGATTTTGCTTGCCTGATGTTCAAACACCTGGTACACAAACCATCGGAGGAGAGAGTAAGAGAAATAATTATCAATGCTGTTCGGATAGAACAGGAGTTCCTCACTGAGGCCTTGCCTGTGAAGCTCATTGGGATGAATTGCACTCTAATGAAGCAATACATTGAGTTTGTGGCAGACAGACTTATGCTGGAACTGGGTTTTAGCAAGGTTTTCAGAGTAGAGAACCCATTTGACTTTATGGAGAATATTTCACTGGAAGGAAAGACTAACTTCTTTGAGAAGAGAGTAGGCGAGTATCAGAGGATGGGAGTGATGTCAAGTCCAACAGAGAATTCTTTTACCTTGGATGCTGACTTCTAAATGAACTGAAGATGTGCCCTTACTTGGCTGATTTTTTTTTTCCATCTCATAAGAAAAATCAGCTGAAGTGTTACCAACTAGCCACACCATGAATTGTCCGTAATGTTCATTAACAGCATCTTTAAAACTGTGTAGCTACCTCACAACCAGTCCTGTCTGTTTATAGTGCTGGTAGTATCACCTTTTGCCAGAAGGCCTGGCTGGCTGTGACTTACCATAGCAGTGACAATGGCAGTCTTGGCTTTAAAGTGAGGGGTGACCCTTTAGTGAGCTTAGCACAGCGGGATTAAACAGTCCTTTAACCAGCACAGCCAGTTAAAAGATGCAGCCTCACTGCTTCAACGCAGATTTTAATGTTTACTTAAATATAAACCTGGCACTTTACAAACAAATAAACATTGTTTGTACTCACAAGGCGATAATAGCTTGATTTATTTGGTTTCTACACCAAATACATTCTCCTGACCACTAATGGGAGCCAATTCACAATTCACTAAGTGACTAAAGTAAGTTAAACTTGTGTAGACTAAGCATGTAATTTTTAAGTTTTATTTTAATGAATTAAAATATTTGTTAACCAACTTTAAAGTCAGTCCTGTGTATACCTAGATATTAGTCAGTTGGTGCCAGATAGAAGACAGGTTGTGTTTTTATCCTGTGGCTTGTGTAGTGTCCTGGGATTCTCTGCCCCCTCTGAGTAGAGTGTTGTGGGATAAAGGAATCTCTCAGGGCAAGGAGCTTCTTAAGTTAAATCACTAGAAATTTAGGGGTGATCTGGGCCTTCATATGTGTGAGAAGCCGTTTCATTTTATTTCTCACTGTATTTTCCTCAACGTCTGGTTGATGAGAAAAAATTCTTGAAGAGTTTTCATATGTGGGAGCTAAGGTAGTATTGTAAAATTTCAAGTCATCCTTAAACAAAATGATCCACCTAAGATCTTGCCCCTGTTAAGTGGTGAAATCAACTAGAGGTGGTTCCTACAAGTTGTTCATTCTAGTTTTGTTTGGTGTAAGTAGGTTGTGTGAGTTAATTCATTTATATTTACTATGTCTGTTAAATCAGAAATTTTTTATTATCTATGTTCTTCTAGATTTTACCTGTAGTTCATACTTCAGTCACCCAGTGTCTTATTCTGGCATTGTCTAAATCTGAGCATTGTCTAGGGGGATCTTAAACTTTAGTAGGAAACCATGAGCTGTTAATACAGTTTCCATTCAAATATTAATTTCAGAATGAAACATAAtttttttttttttttttgagatggagtctcgctctgttgcccaggctggagtgcagtggcgcgattttggctcactgtaacctccatctcctgggttcaagcaattctcctgtctcagcctccctagtagctgggactgcaggtatgtgctaccacacctggctaatttttgtatttttagtagagatggagtttcaccatattggtcaggctggtcttgaactcctgacctcaggtgatccacccacctcggcctcccaaagtgctgggattgcaggcgtgaTAAACAAATATTCTTAATAGGGCTACTTTGAATTAATCTGCCTTTATGTTTGGGAGAAGAAAGCTGAGACATTGCATGAAAGATGATGAGAGATAAATGTTGATCTTTTGGCCCCATTTGTTAATTGTATTCAGTATTTGAACGTCGTCCTGTTTATTGTTAGTTTTCTTCATCATTTATTGTATAGACAATTTTTAAATCTCTGTAATATGATACATTTTCCTATCTTTTAAGTTATTGTTACCTAAAGTTAATCCAGATTATATGGTCCTTATATGTGTACAACATTAAAATGAAAGGCTTTGTCTTGCATTGTGAGGTACAGGCGGAAGTTGGAATCAGGTTTTAGGATTCTGTCTCTCATTAGCTGAATAATGTGAGGATTAACTTCTGCCAGCTCAGACCATTTCCTAATCAGTTGAAAGGGAAACAAGTATTTCAGTCTCAAAATTGAATAATGCACAAGTCTTAAGTGATTAAAATAAAACTGTTCTTATGTCAGTTTC

Publications

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