Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name MDH1P1
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr4) and its respective parental gene (in chr13). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Macaca mulatta
Coordinates chr4:153892291-153893498  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_001320104.1
Parental seq. overlap 1030 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 78.6%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary MDH1P1, located on chr4:153892291-153893498, is a retrocopy of the parental gene MDH1. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name MDH1
Full Name malate dehydrogenase 1
Also known as -
Coordinate chr13:45173984-45192344
Strand -
Gene summary This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the NAD/NADH-dependent, reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate in many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Two main isozymes are known to exist in eukaryotic cells: one is found in the mitochondrial matrix and the other in the cytoplasm. This gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme, which plays a key role in the malate-aspartate shuttle that allows malate to pass through the mitochondrial membrane to be transformed into oxaloacetate for further cellular processes. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is localized in the peroxisomes. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Human Homo sapiens MDH1P2
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes MDH1P1
Bonobo Pan paniscus MDH1P1
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla MDH1P1
Orangutan Pongo abelii MDH1P1
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys MDH1P1
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus MDH1P1
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis MDH1P1
Baboon Papio anubis MDH1P1
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana MDH1P1
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus MDH1P2
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus MDH1P3
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>MDH1P1
AGTCAGTTGTGCAGTAGAGGTAACCTGACTCCCTGAGGCTCACTTTGCAAGTGCTAAAATTGTCACACAGTTCCCCCTTGTCTGAACCAATCCCAGTCCTTGTGACTAGGGCAGCTGGTCAAATCATATATTCACTGCTAAACAGTATTATAAATGCATCTGTCTTTGGTAAAGATTAGCCTATCATTCTTGTGCCATTGGATATCACCCCTGTGCTTGTTGTCCTGAACAGTGTCCTAATGGAACAGCCAGACTGTGCCCTTCCCCTCCCGAAAGATGTCATCCAAACAAATAAAGAAGTTGCCTTCAAAGACCTGGATGTGGCCATTCTCTTGGACTCTGTGCCAAGAAGGAAAGGTGTAGAGAGGAAAGATTTACTGAAAATGTAAAAATCTTCAAATGGCAGGGTGCAGCCTTGGAGAAATATGACAAGAAGTTCATTAAGGTTATTGCTATGGGAAACCCAGCCAGTATCAACTGCCTGACTGCCTCCAAGTTGGCTCCATCCAGCTTCAAGGAGAACTTCAGTTGCTTGACTTGTTTGGATCACAACCAAACTCGAGCTCAAATTACTGTTAAACCTGGTGACTGCCGACAGTGCAAAGAATGTTACACATCTGGGGAAACCATTCCTTGACACAGTATCCAGATGTCAACCAAGCCAAGGTGAAGTTGCAAGGAAAAGAAGTTGTTTATGAAGCTCTGAAACATGACAGCTGGCCCCAGGGAGAATTCACGACTGTGCAGCAACATGGTCCTGCTGTCCTCAAGGCTTGAAAACCATCCAGGGCAATGTCCACTACAAGAGCCGTCTCCAACCACCTCAGAGACATCCGGCTTGGAACCCCATAGGGAGAGTCTGTGTCCACTGGGGTTGTCTCTGATAGTGACTCCTGTGGTATTCCCAGTCATCGTTCTACTCATTCTCTGTTGTATTCAAGAGTAAGACCTGGACATTTGTTGAAGCTCTCTCTATTAATGATTCCTCGTGCAAGAAGATGGATCTTACTGCAAAGGAACTGGCAGGGAAGAAAAAGAAACTGCTTTAGAATTGCTTTCCTCTGTCTGACTATAAATCATTTTGATGTTACTAAATGCCGCAAACAGGAGAATCTAAATGTCGTCTTTGACGCTAGTACTAAATAGTAATACTGCTATGTGTAAATTACTCGTGAAAAACAACATGTTTTGAAGATTATGTGCTTCTC
>NM_001320104.1
GAGTCAGTTCCGCGGTAGAGGTGACCTGACTCTCTGAGGCTCATTTTGCAGTTGTTGAAATTGTCCCCGCAGTTTTCAGCCATGTCTGAACCAATCAGAGTCCTTGTGACTGGAGCAGCTGGTCAAATTGCATATTCACTGCTGTATAGTATTGGAAATGGATCCGTCTTTGGTAAAGATCAGCCTATAATTCTTGTGCTGTTGGATATCACCCCCATGATGGATGTCCTGGACGGTGTCCTAATGGAACTGCAAGACTGTGCCCTTCCCCTCCTGAAAGATGTCATCGCAACAGATAAAGAAGAGGTTGCCTTCAAAGACCTGGATGTGGCCATTCTCGTGGGCTCCATGCCAAGAAGAGAAGGCATGGAGAGAAAAGATTTACTGAAAGCAAATGTGAAAATCTTCAAATCCCAGGGTGCAGCCTTAGACAAATACGCCAAGAAGTCAGTTAAGGTTATTGTTGTGGGTAACCCAGCCAATACCAACTGCCTGACTGCGTCCAAGTCGGCTCCATCCATCCCCAAGGAGAACTTCAGTTGCTTGACTCGTTTGGATCACAACCGAGCTAAAGCTCAAATTGCTCTTAAACTTGGTGTGACTGCTAATGATGTAAAGAATGTCATTATCTGGGGAAACCATTCCTCGACTCAGTATCCAGATGTCAACCATGCCAAGGTGAAATTGCAAGGAAAGGAAGTTGGTGTTTACGAAGCTCTGAAAGATGACAGCTGGCTCAAGGGAGAATTTGTCACGACTGTGCAGCAGCGTGGCGCTGCTGTCATCAAGGCTCGAAAACTATCCAGTGCAATGTCTGCTGCAAAAGCCATCTGTGACCACGTCAGGGACATCTGGTTTGGAACCCCAGAGGGAGAGTTTGTGTCCATGGGTGTTATCTCTGATGGCAACTCCTATGGTGTTCCTGATGATCTGCTCTACTCATTCCCTGTTGTAATCAAGAATAAGACCTGGAAATTTGTTGAAGGTCTCCCTATTAATGATTTCTCACGTGAGAAGATGGATCTTACTGCAAAGGAACTCACAGAAGAAAAAGAAACTGCTTTTGAATTTCTTTCCTCTGCCTGACTAGACAAGGATGTTACTAAGTGCTTCAAAGCTGAAGAATCTAAATGTCGTCTTTGACTCAAGTACCAAATAATAGTAATGCTCACTTAAATTACTTGTGAAAAACAACACATTTTAAAGATTATGTGCTTCTTGGTACAGGTTTGTGAATGATAGTTTATCATCATGCTGTTAGTATGCATTCTAAATAAATATATACCCAAATGAAA

Publications

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