Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name Mdh1P1
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr12) and its respective parental gene (in chr11). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Mus musculus
Coordinates chr12:100045976-100046645  UCSC
Strand -
Parental Sequence NM_001316675.1
Parental seq. overlap 547 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 27.8%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary Mdh1P1, located on chr12:100045976-100046645, is a retrocopy of the parental gene Mdh1. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name Mdh1
Full Name malate dehydrogenase 1, NAD (soluble)
Also known as B230377B03Rik|KAR|MDH-s|MDHA|Mor-2|Mor2
Coordinate chr11:21506692-21521934
Strand -
Gene summary This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the NAD/NADH-dependent, reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate in many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Two main isozymes are known to exist in eukaryotic cells: one is found in the mitochondrial matrix and the other in the cytoplasm. This gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme, which plays a key role in the malate-aspartate shuttle that allows malate to pass through the mitochondrial membrane to be transformed into oxaloacetate for further cellular processes. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is localized in the peroxisomes. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosomes 12. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Rat Rattus norvegicus Mdh1P1
Human Homo sapiens Without Homology
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes Without Homology
Bonobo Pan paniscus Without Homology
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla Without Homology
Orangutan Pongo abelii Without Homology
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys Without Homology
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus Without Homology
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis Without Homology
Rhesus Macaca mulatta Without Homology
Baboon Papio anubis Without Homology
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana Without Homology
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>Mdh1P1
ATGGGTGTTCTGGATGGTGTACTGATGGAGCTACACAACTGTGCTCTTCCCTTCTGAAAGATGTCATTGCAGCAAACAAACAAGAGGTTGCCTTCAAAGAGCTAGATGTGGCTGTCCTTGTGGGCTCCATGGCAAGAAGGGAAGAAGTGGAGAAGAAAGACCTACTGAAAGCAACTGTGAAAAATCCTCAAAGCCTAGTGTGCAGCTTCGGAGAAATGATCCAAGAAGTCAGTTAAGGTCACTGCTGTTGGAAACCCAGCCAATACGAACTGCCTGATGACCTCCTCGTCAGCTCCCTCAATCCCTGAGGAGAGCTTGGCTTGCCTGCCTTGCTTGGACAACAGAGCTAAATCTCAAATTGCTTTTAAAACTCATTGCAACTGCTGATGACATAACGTCTTTATTTGGAAAATCATTCCCCAGCTCCATATCTAGATGTCAATCAAGCTAAGGGGAAATTGCAAAGACAGAAAGTCGGTATTTATGAAGCCCTAATAGATGACAGTTGGCTCAAGGGACAGTTCCTCACGACTGTGTGACAACAAGATACTGCTGTCATTCAGGCTGGGAAACTGCCCAGTGCAGTATCTGCCATGACAGCCGTCTCTGGCCACATCGGAGACATCTGGTTTGGAACTCCAGAGGAAGAGTTCATGTGAATGGGTGTTAA
>NM_001316675.1
GTTTAGCACTGTCAGGAATGCACGAAGGTGGGCGCCAGAGGTCGCCGGAAGAACTACACTTCCCAGAAAGGGCCGTGTCTCCAGCCGAACCTTTGCGGGCCAGCCCCGCGTTCTCTCCCAGAGTCTGTTCCGCTGTAGAGGTGACCTGACTGCTGGAGACTGCCTTTTGCAGGTGCAGAGATCGGCCTTGCAGTTTGCAATAATGTCTGAACCAATCAGAGTCCTTGTGACTGGAGCAGCTGGTCAAATTGCATATTCACTGTTGTACAGTATTGGAAATGGATCTGTCTTTGGGAAAGACCAGCCCATCATTCTTGTGCTGTTGGACATCACCCCCATGATGGGTGTTCTGGACGGTGTCCTGATGGAACTGCAAGACTGTGCCCTTCCCCTTCTGCAGGATGTCATTGCAACGGACAAAGAAGAGATTGCCTTCAAAGACCTGGATGTGGCTGTCCTAGTGGGCTCCATGCCAAGAAGGGAAGGCATGGAGAGGAAGGACCTACTGAAAGCCAATGTGAAAATCTTCAAATCCCAGGGCACAGCCTTGGAGAAATACGCCAAGAAATCAGTTAAGGTCATTGTTGTGGGAAACCCAGCCAATACGAACTGCCTGACAGCCTCCAAGTCAGCGCCATCGATCCCCAAGGAGAATTTCAGTTGCCTGACTCGCTTGGACCACAACCGAGCAAAATCTCAAATTGCTCTTAAACTCGGTGTAACCgctgatgatgtaaagaatgtcATTATCTGGGGAAATCATTCATCGACCCAGTATCCAGATGTCAATCATGCCAAGGTGAAACTGCAAGGAAAGGAAGTCGGTGTGTATGAAGCCCTGAAAGACGACAGCTGGCTGAAGGGAGAGTTCATCACGACTGTGCAACAGCGTGGTGCTGCTGTCATCAAGGCTCGGAAGCTGTCCAGTGCAATGTCTGCTGCGAAAGCCATCGCAGACCACATCAGAGACATCTGGTTTGGAACCCCAGAGGGAGAGTTCGTGTCGATGGGTGTTATCTCTGATGGCAACTCCTATGGTGTCCCTGATGACCTGCTCTACTCATTCCCTGTCGTGATCAAGAATAAGACCTGGAAGTTTGTTGAAGGCCTCCCCATTAATGACTTCTCCCGTGAAAAGATGGACCTGACAGCAAAGGAGCTGACCGAGGAAAAGGAGACCGCTTTTGAGTTTCTCTCCTCTGCGTGACTAGACACTCGTTTTGACATCAGCAGACAGCCGAAGGCTGAGGAATCAAAATGTCGTCTTTGAGCCTAGTACCAAACAGTAATAATGCTACATTCAAATTGTGaacagcaaaatattttaaatagtgtGTGCTTTATGATTTGTGAAAGTCTATCATGTTGTTAGTGCTGCAATctaaataaaagtatattcaaGTGAAAATCTCTCAGACTCTGTTTCTACTTTATATTTAGTATCTTCAGGAAAACAAGTTTGCCCAATAgattataattttacttttttaattgactaaaagaaataaagatggaaaatATTATGAAGTAAAGCATTAGTCTCTAACATAAACAAGGAAGCCCAATCAATTTCAGAGGGATCCCATTACTTAAGTCCTTAAAGGTTGGTTCATGTTTTGCTcataatttgattttaaaattagcTGTAAGAAGGTTGCAGATAATCTATCTTCTTTATATTCTATAGCAGAATAATGAAGTCATTAATATTTGATAGCCAATAATACCACACTATTAATATTTGTAAGCTAAGATTATTAGAAACATAAAACTGTTTTTGAGTCAGTCTGTTTTCCATGAGAAGACATGCATcatctttgtgtgttttgtgcatTACTCAGTGCAATAAATAACCATAATCTCAAAGCTGGCTGTAATTTGCTTTGTGGATATTCAAATACTTGTTGGTTAGATTTGCTGTTTACCTGTATTAGTAAATATTATCTATATTAAAGTGC

Publications

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