Imagem 1

Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name ARF4P4
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr13) and its respective parental gene (in chr3). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr13:80888381-80888970  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr13:80118308-80118897  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr13:81462516-81463105  UCSC
Strand +
Parental Sequence NM_001660.4
Parental seq. overlap 513 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 32.1%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary ARF4P4, located on chr13:80888381-80888970, is a retrocopy of the parental gene ARF4. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name ARF4
Full Name ADP ribosylation factor 4
Also known as ARF2
Coordinate chr3:57571363-57597344
Strand -
Gene summary This gene is a member of the human ARF gene family whose members encode small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that stimulate the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and play a role in vesicular trafficking and as activators of phospholipase D. The gene products include 5 ARF proteins and 11 ARF-like proteins and constitute one family of the RAS superfamily. The ARF proteins are categorized as class I, class II and class III; this gene is a class II member. The members of each class share a common gene organization. The ARF4 gene spans approximately 12kb and contains six exons and five introns. This gene is the most divergent member of the human ARFs. Conflicting map positions at 3p14 or 3p21 have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes ARF4P3
Bonobo Pan paniscus ARF4P2
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla ARF4P1
Orangutan Pongo abelii ARF4P2
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys ARF4P1
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus ARF4P2
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis ARF4P3
Rhesus Macaca mulatta ARF4P3
Baboon Papio anubis ARF4P2
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana ARF4P2
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus ARF4P3
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>ARF4P4
AGCAAGAAGCAGATGTTAATTTTGATGGTTGGATTGGATGCTGCTGTCAAGGTGATCTCTGTATAAGGTAAAGTTAGGGGAGATGGTCACTATCATTCCTACCAATGGTTTTAACGTGAAAAGAGTAGAATACAAGAGCATATGTTTCACAGTATGAGAAGGTCAAGATAAAATTAGGCCTCCCTGGAGGCATTACTTCCAGAATACCCAGGCTCTTATTTTTGGCAGATAGCAATGATTATGAAAGAATTCAGGAGGGAGCAGAAGAGCTACAGAAAATGCTTCACAGAGATGAGCTGGGAGATACTGTGCTGTTGCTTTTTGCAAACAAACAAAATTTGCCAAATGCTATGGCCATCGGTGAAATGACAGACAAATTCAGTCTCTGTGCAACAGAACATGGTATATTCAAGCCACTTGTGCTATACAAGGCACTGTTCTGTATGAGGGACTTAACTGGCTGGCAGGTGAGCTTTCAAAACATTCAATGAAACTGGTTATCTAACCAAGGACATGTTTGATAGAATTGAAACTAGGCTTGTTACAACAAAACTAGTTTGCATCTTGGTTATTATACAATCTCTGGGACT
>NM_001660.4
AGTCGCCTAGCAGGTCCTCTACCGGCTTATTCCTGTGCCGGATCTTCATCGGCACAGGGGCCACTGAGACGTTTCTGCCTCCCTCTTTCTTCCTCCGCTCTTTCTCTTCCCTCTCGTTTAGTTTGCCTGGGAGCTTGAAAGGAGAAAGCACGGGGTCGCCCCAAACCCCTTCTGCTTCTGCCCATCACAAGTGCCACTACCGCCATGGGCCTCACTATCTCCTCCCTCTTCTCCCGACTATTTGGCAAGAAGCAGATGCGCATTTTGATGGTTGGATTGGATGCTGCTGGCAAGACAACCATTCTGTATAAACTGAAGTTAGGGGAGATAGTCACCACCATTCCTACCATTGGTTTTAATGTGGAAACAGTAGAATATAAGAACATTTGTTTCACAGTATGGGATGTTGGTGGTCAAGATAGAATTAGGCCTCTCTGGAAGCATTACTTCCAGAATACCCAGGGTCTTATTTTTGTGGTAGATAGCAACGATCGTGAAAGAATTCAGGAAGTAGCAGATGAGCTGCAGAAAATGCTTCTGGTAGATGAATTGAGAGATGCAGTGCTGCTACTTTTTGCAAACAAACAGGATTTGCCAAATGCTATGGCCATCAGTGAAATGACAGATAAACTAGGGCTTCAGTCTCTTCGTAACAGAACATGGTATGTTCAAGCCACTTGTGCAACACAAGGAACTGGTCTGTATGAAGGACTTGACTGGCTGTCAAATGAGCTTTCAAAACGTTAAATGAAATTGGATATCTAACCAAGGACATGTTTGATAAAATTGGTCTAGGCTTGTTACAACAAAATTAGTTTGTATCTTGGTTATTAAACAGTATCTGGGACTGGTTTGGGCAGAATATTAAACTTATTTTGTTGCCAATTATTGTTTACCGAGTATAATGTTGCTATTTAGCAATGTGCTTGGTTTTAAAGAAATTCTCCTTGGGAAAAAAGTATCCTCTTTTAATTTTACTTCCCATAAGCGTAAATGCCTGGACATAGCTCTTGTGCAACCTTTAAATAAATTGTTTTGAGTGTTTTTTGAGCCCCAGACAAATAATGTTTTAAAGTTATCCCCTTGCTACTTTACTGATACCTTTATCATTCCTGAGACAGTTTGCTAATTTAAAAATGTAGCATTCCATTTGTATTTATTTCTCTCCCTTGCCAAAAAGATTTTCTAATACTGCTTGTACCAGCCAGAGAAAGATCCAAAACACTACTCAGCTCTCTTGCACTGAGGAAATTTTTCCCCCTACATTGACTCCTGGCCTACATCAGCCAAACTTAACCTTGGTGGGGTTTGGATTTGATAGCCAATTAGTTCTGTGCTGGTTGCAAAGAATTGATATTTAGATGGTTTTTAATACTCAGCAGATTGTCTTCCTTTATATTGTGTCTTTTTTATGTTGCATGTTGCTTTTGTTATCAGCCTGATTTTTTGCTCAGTATATGATAGTTCTGCTGATGTTTTGTTTATTGGGCAGACATATCTTCATTAAGAGTTTTTGGAAAACTCATCAAATTCGATGAATACATTTTCTTCATAACCCATTTGGAATTATTCCTAATAAAATGATAAAATACGTAA

Publications

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