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Example: RPL12P6, GAPDH, ENSG00000237984

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Summary

Retrocopy Name MRPS36P3
Plot displaying the genomic locations of a retrocopy (in chr8) and its respective parental gene (in chr5). Each line represents a retrocopy.
Species Homo sapiens
Coordinates (hg38) chr8:122091477-122091676  UCSC
Coordinates (T2T) chr8:123222260-123222459  UCSC
Coordinates (hg19) chr8:123103716-123103915  UCSC
Strand +
Parental Sequence NM_033281.6_2
Parental seq. overlap 180 bp
Parental seq. overlap (%) 13.7%
Genomic Region Intergenic
Retrocopy Summary MRPS36P3, located on chr8:122091477-122091676, is a retrocopy of the parental gene MRPS36. Retrocopies of protein-coding genes, also known as processed pseudogenes, are intriguing genomic elements with implications in genome evolution and diseases. While some retrocopies are non-functional, there are examples of retrocopies (retrogenes) acquiring regulatory roles or exhibiting neofunctionalization unrelated to their parental genes.

Parental Gene

Gene Name MRPS36
Full Name mitochondrial ribosomal protein S36
Also known as DC47|MRP-S36
Coordinate chr5:69217760-69230158
Strand +
Gene summary Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. The mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) consists of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 3p, 4q, 8p, 11q, 12q, and 20p. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Homology

Species Scientific Name Retrocopy
Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes MRPS36P2
Bonobo Pan paniscus MRPS36P2
Gorilla Gorilla gorilla MRPS36P2
Gibbon Nomascus leucogenys MRPS36P4
Green monkey Chlorocebus sabaeus MRPS36P3
Crab-eating macaque Macaca fascicularis MRPS36P4
Rhesus Macaca mulatta MRPS36P3
Baboon Papio anubis MRPS36P3
Golden snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus roxellana MRPS36P4
Marmoset Callithrix jacchus MRPS36P2
Orangutan Pongo abelii Without Homology
Mouse lemur Microcebus murinus Without Homology
Mouse Mus musculus Without Homology
Rat Rattus norvegicus Without Homology
Chinese hamster Cricetulus griseus Without Homology
Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Without Homology
Pig Sus scrofa Without Homology
Cow Bos taurus Without Homology
Sheep Ovis aries Without Homology
Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Without Homology
Horse Equus caballus Without Homology
Dog Canis familiaris Without Homology
Panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Without Homology
Cat Felis catus Without Homology
Pale spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus discolor Without Homology
Velvety free-tailed bat Molossus molossus Without Homology
Greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis Without Homology
Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii Without Homology
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum Without Homology
Egyptian rousette Rousettus aegyptiacus Without Homology
Sloth Choloepus didactylus Without Homology
Tasmanian Devil Sarcophilus harrisii Without Homology
Opossum Monodelphis domestica Without Homology
Platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Without Homology
Chicken Gallus gallus Without Homology
Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Without Homology
Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata Without Homology
Budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus Without Homology
Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Without Homology
Lizard Anolis Carolinensis Without Homology
Frog Xenopus tropicalis Without Homology
Zebrafish Danio rerio Without Homology
Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster Without Homology

Expression

Related Sequence

>MRPS36P3
AGAAGTAAATCACCAGATTTGCTGACGTATCAGGGTCCACCAGACACTGCAGAAATAATGAAAACATTACCTCAGAAATACAGAAACTTGTGTCTTAAGAAGAAGTTGAATTTGTCCACTGTGAAGATCCAGAATAATCACTGTGGCTGCTGTTTGTCATCAGACAAAATAATTACCTTTACAATAAGGGACTTCCAAAA
>NM_033281.6_2
ACAGCTGCCCGGGACTCCAGTGATCGCCGCGGCTCGCTCGCGCCCCGGAAACTGCCCCTTCTCGGGGGTCATGATGGGCAGCAAGATGGCGTCTGCTAGTAGGGTCGTTCAGGTAGTCAAACCACACACTCCATTAATAAGGTTTCCTGACAGAAGAGACAATCCTAAACCCAATGTATCAGAAGCTTTGAGATCAGCAGGGCTACCATCTCACTCTTCTGTAATTTCACAACATTCTAAAGGAAGTAAATCACCAGATTTGCTGATGTATCAGGGTCCACCAGACACTGCAGAAATAATAAAAACATTACCTCAGAAATACAGAAGGAAACTTGTGTCTCAAGAAGAAATGGAATTTATCCAACGTGGAGGTCCTGAATAACCATGGTGGCTGCTGTTTGTCATCAGACAATAGAATTGTCTTTACAATAAAGGACTTCCAAAATGACAGATGAGAAACTGTATATTAAACACCTTTAATAAATATTATGAAAAAAATGAAATATAGAAAATTTAGATGGACACTTGTATTTCCTAATTTATGTATCTTGGTCAGCTTCTCCACAAGCTTACCTAATTGTTTATATACTTTATACTTATTAAAGTATACATTTTTAAATGTTAGCCTATTAATTTACTCTTGATTATCAAACATTACCAGTGTTGAACTATTAAAAGCACACAATGTGTAGTAAACTATCATAGGATTCCCATAATTTCACTTTACTTTCTGTTTAGGCATGGAAAAATTTATCAGTCAGAATTGCTGTTTTAGGGACATGATTTTCCTGAAATTGGGTGAGGATCAGTGAAATAattactctattacttgttcttaattctctgttctctaATGTTTTTTCATTCACAAGTTTACTGGAGTATAACTGGCTTAGTAAGTATATCCTACTCTGAATGATAAAAATATAGTCAAGCTAAAATAGGTGACTATACTATTAAGATAGAGATCATACAAAAGATTCCAAAGAAAGTCAAAAAGTGTAAAATGGAAAATAAGAGATCAAAATGAATATAGCATAGGAATAAAGATTTCACTAGAAATTGCAATTTATTATGTTTTGGAGGTTGTAAGGAAGTCTTGTTTTTTGGTTTATTTTACTGTTTTGTGATCTTGTATGCAAATCCTGATAACCATTAACCTTCTCAAACTTAATGTCTGAGAGCCTCATAAAATCAACATATTTACTTATTAAGCAGTTTATGAAACTTTAATGGGGCCCCTCCTGTGCCAAGGGTACGTATATTGTGAAGTAAAGCCTCACAAAGCTAAATAAATTCTCTTCCATACCTTTAA

Publications

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